ALTERNATIVE HISTORIES OF AIDS BIOWARFARE OR VACCINE ERROR Robert Lederer, a journalist and gay activist, has collected a multitude of conflicting "origin theories" of AIDS, among them these: SOVIET AND U.S. BIOWARFARE THEORIES: Dr. William C. Douglas and Dr. Robert Strecker claim AIDS is a bioweapon created by the U.S.S.R. Others say it is a U.S. bioweapon, developed at Fort Detrick, Maryland, from viral immune-diseases-Bovine Leukemia, African Swine Fever, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV), Sheep Visna, Feline Leukemia, etc.-cultured in human tissue, tested on people in Africa and Haiti, and accidentally unleashed upon the world. SMALLPOX VACCINE CONTAMINATION THEORY: In 1987, the London Times reported many AIDS cases in Africa among those who got smallpox vaccinations from the World Health Organization between 1967 and 1980. Theory 1: U.S. or U.S.S.R. biowarfare researchers used the WHO as a cover for their tests. Theory 2: AIDS, already in Africa, was accidentally spread by WHO's non-sterile equipment.

POLIO VACCINE CONTAMINATION THEORY: A failed 1950s attempt to develop an oral version of Dr. Jonas Salk's polio vaccine (see card 102), utilized monkey blood cultures and was tested in Africa. Some claim SIV thus spread to humans, where it mutated into HIV. HEPATITIS VACCINE CONTAMINATION THEORY: In the late 1970s U.S. researchers enrolled U.S. gay men in experimental gamma globulin programs to stop hepatitis (see reverse of this card). Most of the men who participated died of AIDS. Theory 1: Dr. Mathilde Krim (see card 98) says the gamma globulin was made from contaminated Haitian or African blood (cheaper than U.S. donor blood). Theory 2: Others claim this was a U.S. or U.S.S.R. biowarfare test. Next Card 63: SEXUAL TRANSMISSION of AIDS

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ALTERNATIVE HISTORIES OF AIDS